复发性肝癌再次手术方式的选择:一项基于倾向评分匹配的研究

目的本研究基于倾向评分匹配(PSM)比较挽救性肝移植(sLT)及再次肝切除(RR)的疗效,同时探讨影响复发性肝癌患者预后的危险因素。方法回顾分析2012年1月至2018年8月宁波大学附属李惠利医院124例肝癌切除术后肝内复发再手术的患者,按照再次所行手术方式的不同,分成sLT组(46例)和RR组(78例),通过1∶1倾向评分匹配(PSM),筛选出34例患者用于数据分析,比较匹配前后两组的临床基本资料、总生存期(OS)及无瘤生存期(DFS)来探讨两种手术方式的优劣以及影响患者预后的因素。结果匹配前sLT组的术前血清总胆红素、多发肿瘤的比例、术前行经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)的比例及符合米兰标准的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05),最大肿瘤直径sLT组要小于RR组(P<0.05);手术时间、术中出血量、微血管侵犯(MVI)阳性率及术后ClavienⅢ级以上的并发症的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05)。匹配后sLT组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症ClavienⅢ以上的比例均高于RR组(P<0.05);sLT组的1、3、5年OS与RR组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),sLT组的1、3、5年DFS与RR组相比较优(P<0.05);甲胎蛋白(AFP)≥100μg/L是OS的独立危险因素,手术方式、AFP≥100μg/L是DFS的独立危险因素。结论sLT组术前病情更重,手术时间、术中出血量及术后严重并发症率高于RR组;sLT组较RR组可取得更长的DFS,但对OS来说,两组之间差异无统计学意义。     

Synthetic MRI is not yet ready for morphologic and functional assessment of patellar cartilage at 1.5 Tesla

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare morphologic assessment and relaxometry of patellar hyaline cartilage between conventional sequences (fast spin-echo [FSE] T2-weighted fat-saturated and T2-mapping) and synthetic T2 short-TI inversion recovery (STIR) and T2 maps at 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodThe MRI examinations of the knee obtained at 1.5 T in 49 consecutive patients were retrospectively studied. There were 21 men and 28 women with a mean age of 45 ± 17.7 (SD) years (range: 18–88 years). Conventional and synthetic acquisitions were performed, including T2-weighted fat-saturated and T2-mapping sequences. Two radiologists independently compared patellar cartilage T2-relaxation time on conventional T2-mapping and synthetic T2-mapping images. A third radiologist evaluated the patellar cartilage morphology on conventional and synthetic T2-weighted images. The presence of artifacts was also assessed. Interobserver agreement for quantitative variables was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsIn vitro, conventional and synthetic T2 maps yielded similar mean T2 values 58.5 ± 2.3 (SD) ms and 58.8 ± 2.6 (SD) ms, respectively (P = 0.414) and 6% lower than the expected experimental values (P = 0.038). Synthetic images allowed for a 15% reduction in examination time compared to conventional images. On conventional sequences, patellar chondropathy was identified in 35 patients (35/49; 71%) with a mean chondropathy grade of 4.8 ± 4.8 (SD). On synthetic images, 28 patients (28/49; 57%) were diagnosed with patellar chondropathy, with a significant 14% difference (P = 0.009) and lower chondropathy scores (3.7 ± 4.9 [SD]) compared to conventional images. Motion artifacts were more frequently observed on synthetic images (18%) than on conventional ones (6%). The interobserver agreement was excellent for both conventional and synthetic T2 maps (ICC > 0.83). Mean cartilage T2 values were significantly greater on synthetic images (36.2 ± 3.8 [SD] ms; range: 29-46 ms) relative to conventional T2 maps (31.8 ± 4.1 [SD] ms; range: 26-49 ms) (P < 0.0001).ConclusionDespite a decrease in examination duration, synthetic images convey lower diagnostic performance for chondropathy, greater prevalence of motion artifacts, and an overestimation of T2 values compared to conventional MRI sequences.     

Is low or high body mass index in patients operated for oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with the perioperative complication rate?

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of body mass index (BMI), both low and high values, on the perioperative complication rate in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The medical records of 259 patients operated between 2014 and 2017 for OSCC were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Sixty of the 259 patients developed 87 complications. Low or high BMI was not associated with the perioperative complication rate. A longer operating time and increased blood loss were associated with a higher perioperative complication rate and higher Clavien–Dindo grade. Low BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists score 2 and 3, a longer operating time, and increased blood loss were associated with a longer hospital stay. Low BMI was associated with a longer hospital stay. Neither low nor high BMI was associated with the perioperative complication rate. A longer operating time and increased blood loss were associated with a higher perioperative complication rate and higher Clavien–Dindo grade.     

不同手术方法治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折临床疗效观察

目的探讨不同手术方法治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折临床疗效。方法选择2016年1月—2018年12月84例复杂胫骨平台骨折患者,随机分组。单侧锁定钢板内固定组选择单侧锁定钢板内固定手术,双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定组选择双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定。分析手术操作时间、手术失血、平均住院天数以及复杂胫骨平台骨折愈合时间;治疗前后患者视觉模拟评分和Rasmussen膝关节功能评分;膝关节僵硬发生率。结果双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定组视觉模拟评分和Rasmussen膝关节功能评分、手术操作时间、手术失血、平均住院天数以及复杂胫骨平台骨折愈合时间、膝关节僵硬发生率和单侧锁定钢板内固定组比较有优势,P<0.05。结论复杂胫骨平台骨折患者实施双侧切口双侧解剖钢板内固定可获得较好效果。     

Association between hemoglobin glycation index and subclinical myocardial injury in the general population free from cardiovascular disease

Background and aimsThe relationship between hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been verified by previous studies. However, it remains unknown whether HGI has a predictive effect on subclinical myocardial injury (SC–MI). The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between HGI and SC–MI in the general population free from CVD.Methods and resultsThe present study included 6009 participants free of CVD from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to tested the association between HGI and SC–MI. As results, the HGI was significantly higher in participants with SC–MI compared with those without, and the HGI was positively correlated with SC–MI and other metabolic disorder parameters. Each 1-unit increase of HGI and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was independently associated with higher risk of SC–MI (P < 0.05), while fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was no longer a predictive indicator of SC–MI with the increase of confounding factors [OR (95% CI): 1.001 (0.999–1.003), P = 0.305]. And in the subgroup analysis, HGI, only in participants without diabetes, was independently associated with higher risk of SC–MI, while HbA1c and FPG had no independent predictive role in both diabetic and non-diabetic participants.ConclusionsHGI was a significant predictor of SC–MI in the general population free from CVD.     

Work productivity loss among adults aged 18–64 years with Multiple Sclerosis in the United States: A propensity score matched study

BackgroundScarce data exists regarding United States (US) national-level work productivity loss among adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).ObjectiveTo address this significant knowledge gap, we examined the national-level productivity loss among adults (18≤ age ≤64 years) with MS compared to propensity score matched non-MS controls.MethodsWe adopted a retrospective, cross-sectional, matched cohort study design with pooled data from alternate years (2005/2007/2009/2011/2013/2015) of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). We included adults who were employed and alive during the calendar year. Clinical Classification System code of “80” was used to identify individuals with MS. We matched adults with MS to non-MS adults utilizing propensity scores generated based on age, gender, and race/ethnicity using a greedy matching algorithm (8:1-digit matching). Missed workdays measured productivity loss of MEPS respondents. We selected Negative Binomial Regression (NBR) analysis as the count data model for this study. Analyses were conducted using SAS 9.4 and STATA 15.0 and accounted for the complex survey design of MEPS to generate US national-level estimates.ResultsThe final propensity-score matched sample consisted of 104 and 312 (unweighted) adults with and without MS, respectively. US national-level mean [Standard Error (SE)] annual missed workdays among individuals with MS [8.94 (SE:1.59)] was significantly higher (p = 0.001) compared to propensity score matched non-MS controls [3.15 (SE:0.40)]. After adjusting for several factors, NBR showed an approximately two-fold higher rate of missed work days among individuals with MS compared to propensity score matched non-MS controls (Incidence Rate Ratio: 1.98, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.18–3.33). Severity of pain, marital status, region, and hypertension also negatively impacted work productivity in this sample.ConclusionsIndividuals with MS in the US experience significantly higher productivity loss compared to propensity score matched non-MS controls. Interventions (e.g., improved management of MS symptoms) are warranted to reduce productivity loss among individuals with MS.     

改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术的术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率比较研究

目的 比较改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术中的应用效果及对术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率的影响。方法 选取2020年3月-2021年3月首都医疗爱育华医院收治的80例单睑患者，采用随机数字表法将其分对照组和观察组，各40例。对照组接受传统睑板法切开重睑术，观察组接受改良眶隔法切开重睑术，比较两组术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率、并发症发生率。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组GAIS评分高于对照组，VAS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组右侧角膜暴露率增加值、左侧角膜暴露率增加值高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组并发症发生率为5.00%，低于对照组的22.50%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 相比于传统睑板法切开重睑术，改良眶隔法切开重睑术不会过度增加术后角膜暴露率，术后瘢痕发生率更低，重睑形态更理想，患者接受度更高。     

Anatomic vs. reverse shoulder arthroplasty for glenohumeral osteoarthritis with intact rotator cuff: a retrospective comparison of patient-reported outcomes using the systems outcomes database with up to 5-year follow-up

BackgroundThe growing enthusiasm for the use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in the treatment of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) with an intact rotator cuff is based on data derived from single-center studies with limited generalizability and follow-up. This study compared patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between RSA and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) for the treatment of primary GHOA with up to 5-year follow-up and examined temporal trends in the treatment of GHOA between 2012 and 2021.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on patients with primary GHOA undergoing primary arthroplasty surgery from the Surgical Outcomes System global registry between 2012 and 2021. PROs including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain were compared between RSA and TSA at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively.ResultsA total of 4451 patients were included, with 2693 (60.5%) undergoing TSA and 1758 (39.5%) undergoing RSA. Both RSA and TSA provided clinically excellent outcomes at 1 year postoperatively (ASES: 80.8 ± 17.9 vs. 85.9 ± 15.2, respectively; SANE: 74.8 ± 24.7 vs. 79.5 ± 22.9; VAS pain: 1.3 ± 2.0 vs. 1.1 ± 1.7; all P < .05) that were maintained at 2 years (ASES: 81.3 ± 19.3 vs. 87.3 ± 14.9; SANE: 74.8 ± 26.2 vs. 79.7 ± 24.7; VAS pain: 1.3 ± 2.1 vs. 1.0 ± 1.6; all P < .05) and 5 years (ASES: 81.7 ± 16.5 vs. 86.9 ± 15.3; SANE: 71.6 ± 28.5 vs. 78.2 ± 25.9; VAS pain: 1.0 ± 1.7 vs. 1.0 ± 1.7; all P < .05), with statistical significance favoring TSA. After controlling for age and sex, there was an adjusted difference of 4.5 units in the ASES score favoring TSA (P = .005) at 5 years postoperatively but no differences in adjusted SANE (P = .745) and VAS pain (P = .332) scores. The use of RSA for GHOA grew considerably over time, from representing only 17% of all replacements performed for GHOA in 2012 to nearly half (47%) in 2021 (P < .001).ConclusionRSA as a treatment for GHOA with an intact rotator cuff seems to yield PROs that are largely clinically equivalent to TSA extending to 5 years postoperatively. The observed statistical significance favoring TSA appears to be of marginal clinical benefit based on established minimal clinically important differences and may be a result of the large sample size. Further research using more granular clinical data and examining differences in range of motion and complications is warranted as it may change the value analysis.